¿Quién debe acudir a las emergencias?
10 marzo 2007 a las 2:54 am | Publicado en Atrapados, Empresas, Legal, Sentencias, VÃctimas, Vecinos | 68 comentariosMe pregunta el amigo Juan quién debe acudir a una emergencia de un ascensor. Juan no es ascensorista pero a veces se encuentra en esta tesitura.
Miro el artÃculo 123 del Reglamento y realmente no dice nada. He mirado en normativas posteriores y tampoco (las iré colgando poco a poco).
Procedamos con lógica y que me rectifique el que asà lo crea conveniente:
a) El propietario del ascensor está obligado a contratar el mantenimiento del ascensor, a nombrar como mÃnimo a una persona responsable del mismo y a prohibir su uso cuando exista peligro. Es decir, una vez detectada la emergencia, el propietario deberá asegurarse de que el ascensor no volverá a ponerse en funcionamiento.
b) Todas las empresas tienen un servicio de emergencia a partir del Real Decreto 1314/1997 de 1 de agosto, se obligara a que todos los ascensores de nueva construcción tuvieran un sistema oral bidireccional para comunicar la cabina del ascensor con los responsables del matenimiento en caso de averÃa. Para las empresas no instaladoras, el servicio de emergencia era igualmente una exigencia del mercado.
c) No todos los cuerpos de seguridad del estado tienen la formación y medios suficientes para sacar a las personas de un ascensor con toda la seguridad para las personas y los materiales –aún recuerdo cuando vi mi primera puerta semiautomática forzada por la «pata de cabra» de un bombero (snif)–.
¿Qué hacemos entonces?
- Recibir instrucción por parte de la empresa conservadora. Normalmente, la empresa enseña a rescatar a los responsables del edificio. También en muchas ciudades se hacen cursos para bomberos. Repito, bomberos, porque la policÃa siempre los llama a ellos.
- Comprobar cuál es la empresa mantenedora y llamarla. La gente se asusta mucho dentro de una cabina pero cuando oye a la policÃa o a los bomberos se relaja y la espera se le hace más llevadera. ¡Ojo! Dos horas es mucha espera pero es admisible.
- Crear una norma provincial, autonómica o local por la que el cuerpo de seguridad avisado tendrá la potestad de llamar a una empresa de ascensores y ésta deberá acudir, lleve o no el mantenimiento de la instalación, bajo amenaza de multa. Esa empresa será elegida de entre todas las autorizadas en la provincia y por orden riguroso alfabético. El técnico de la empresa avisada podrá optar por resolver la emergencia y dejar el ascensor parado, o llamar a la empresa mantenedora del ascensor averiado. Esto último será lo más conveniente, sin duda, alegando siempre desconocimiento y falta de garantÃas sobre dicha instalación. Al fin y al cabo, los accidentes pueden acarrear responsabilidades penales que no gustan a nadie.
No obstante lo dicho, hay que seguir tres normas básicas a la hora de actuar cuando el ascensor esté parado con personas dentro: saber cómo se hace, cortar la corriente y no fiarse de nadie. Si alguien te ayuda, que sea porque se lo has pedido y bajo tu vigilancia.
Lo de saber quién debe pagar la factura de los bomberos lo dejo para otro post.
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